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Prelude Medicinal Plants Database

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303 plants found in 53 references for the following symptom

Symptom: H(095)

Description: food (additive), fodder, feed, beverage

2 reference(s) for Acacia albida Del.

Official name: Acacia albida Del.

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev.

Pictures:

Acacia_albida4.jpg , HA06Acacia_albida.jpg , Acacia_albida2.jpg , Acacia_albida1.jpg , Acacia_albida3.jpg , Acacia_albida5.jpg

Reference HM 33

Author: Malgras, D. (R.P.)

Title:

Arbres et arbustes guérisseurs des savanes maliennes. Editions Karthala, 22 - 24, boulevard Arago, 75013 Paris, 480 p. (1992)

Symptoms: H(001), H(006), H(007), ), hoarseness, pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, persistent cough, bronchitis, chest pain, pleurisy, pulmonary diseases, syrup again cough">H(037), ) , malaria, paludism">H(051), H(053), ), fodder, feed, beverage">H(095), H(102), H(113), H(126,), H(201)

Recipes:

H(001) conjunctivitis, H(001) cataracts, roots decoction of Acacia albida, eyes instillations
H(006) constipation, H(006) purgative, H(126) icterus, roots decoction of Acacia albida, VO.
H(006) constipation, H(126) icterus, barks and dried pods of Acacia setigera, RNS.
H(007) diuretic, H(051) fevers, H(051) paludism, H(102) bile, decoction trunk barks of Acacia albida of Sterculia setigera, VO.,
H(037) bronchitis, H(051) fevers, powder of roots and barks of Acacia albida, RNS.
H(051) fevers, H(037) cough, trunk barks of Acacia., infusion, VO.
H(113) rheumatism, H(053) ears diseases, maceration of roots of Acacia albida, RNS.
H(053) otitis, H(053) mumps, trunk barks of Acacia., decoction, VO.
H(201) mental diseases, roots decoction of Acacia., bath, VO.
H(095) food, sugared fruits of Acaciia, VO.

Region: West Africa

Country: Mali

Vernacular name: balansan (Bambara), balanzan (Malinke) (Minyanka) (Senoufo), vinyinu (Bwa), san furu (Bobo-fing) sèngè (Dogon)

Reference HT 2k

Author: Timberlake, J. R.

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Pokot of Nothern Kenya, 106 p., (1987)Unpublished report. East African Herbarium Center for Economic Botany, Royal Botanic Gardens.Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE, UK.

Symptoms: H(091), H(095)

Recipes:

H(091) child, cold infusion ONS., used as child's tonic. H(095), Humans eat pods.

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (North region)

Vernacular name: sangale

1 reference(s) for Acacia brevispica Harms

Official name: Acacia brevispica Harms

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Acacia_brevispica1.jpg , HR08Acacia_brevispica.jpg , Acacia_brevispica2.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

The Suiei Ndorobo, the hunter-gatherers in the Mathew's Range of northern Kenya in : AFLORA on the Web (http://130.54.103.36/aflora.nsf) The database of traditional plant utilization in AfricaCenter for African Area Studies, Kyoto University

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) nector source
H(203) used for construction materials

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: lgirigiri (Dorobo) (Suiei)

2 reference(s) for Acacia drepanolobium Harms ex Sjöstedt

Official name: Acacia drepanolobium Harms ex Sjöstedt

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Acacia_drepanolobium2.jpg , Acacia_drepanolobium3.jpg , Acacia_drepanolobium1.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(104), bark soaked in water and used as medicine for stomech disorder; bark tastes "kemototo"(astringent)
H(095, r), green gall eaten raw.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: luai (Dorobo) (Suiei)

Reference HM 28

Author: Mandu, P., D. J. Berger, C., ole Saitabau, C., Nasieku, J. Kipelian, M. Mathenge, S.G., Morimoto, Y., Höft

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Loita Maasai: Towards community management of the forest of the lost child - Experiences from the Loita Ethnobotany project. People and Plants working paper 8. UNESCO, Paris (2001) http://www.regkew.org.uk/peopleplants/wp/wp8/index.html

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) , VO. fresh soft gall of Acacia drepanolobium

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Naimina Enkiyio (Loita) Forest)

Vernacular name: eluai

1 reference(s) for Acacia hockii De Wild

Official name: Acacia hockii De Wild

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Acacia_hockii1.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(008), H(095)

Recipes:

H(008), bark of Acacia hockii soaked in water and used as medicine for children's diarrhea.
H(095) bark used for making tea.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: lerai (Dorobo) (Suiei)

1 reference(s) for Acacia karroo Hayne

Official name: Acacia karroo Hayne

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Acacia_karroo1.jpg , Acacia_karroo2.jpg , Acacia_karroo3.jpg , Acacia_karroo4.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, gum of Acacia karroo

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (omu)kete (Nyaneka), espinheiro (Portuguese)

1 reference(s) for Acacia mellifera (Vahl) Benth.

Official name: Acacia mellifera (Vahl) Benth.

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. subsp. mellifera (Vahl); Mimosa mellifera Vahl.

Pictures:

Acacia_mellifera1.jpg , Acacia_mellifera7.jpg , Acacia_mellifera6.jpg , Acacia_mellifera3.jpg , Acacia_mellifera4.jpg , Acacia_mellifera5.jpg , Acacia_mellifera2.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) Acacia senegal nector source.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: iti ( Dorobo) (Suiei)

3 reference(s) for Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del.

Official name: Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del.

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Acacia arabica Willd.; Acacia scorpioides (L.) W.F. Wight

Pictures:

B5NordAcacia_nilotica.jpg , Acacia_nilotica3.jpg , Acacia_nilotica2.jpg , Acacia_nilotica1.jpg , Acacia_arabica.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(000), H(095)

Recipes:

H(000, r), fruits, seeds, RNS.
H(000, r), barks, RNS.
H(095, r), fruits

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: lkiloriti (Dorobo) (Suiei)

Reference HM 28

Author: Mandu, P., D. J. Berger, C., ole Saitabau, C., Nasieku, J. Kipelian, M. Mathenge, S.G., Morimoto, Y., Höft

Title:

Symptoms: H(000), H(095)

Recipes:

H(000), ONS., RNS.
H(095) plant use in soup

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Naimina Enkiyio (Loita) Forest)

Vernacular name: olkiloriti

Reference HM 34

Author: Maundu, P., D. Berger, C. Ole Saitabau, J. Nasieku, M. Kipelian, S. Mathenge, Y. Morimoto, R. Höft

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Loita Maasai. People and Plants Working Paper 8. Unesco, Paris, 34 p. (2001)

Symptoms: H(008), H(068), H(091), H(095), H(103), H(104), H(135)

Recipes:

H(091), H(095), Acacia nilotica is the most frequently used soup plant. The root or stem bark are boiled in water and the decoction drunk alone or added to soup. The moran are fond of taking this as a drug before going on raids. It makes them energetic, aggressive and fearless
H(008), H(068), H(103), H(104), H(135), for gums and teeth, mouth infections, intestinal worms, diarrhoea and dysentery, aiding digestion, aiding faecal disposal, emetics and purgatives, to stop vomiting and stomach-ache. Most emetics and purgatives are used in the treatment of malaria-like fevers common in Maasailand.
H(203) Acacia nilotica is used to dye leather

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Naimina Enkiyio (Loita) Forest)

Vernacular name: olkiloriti (Moran)

2 reference(s) for Acacia raddiana Savi

Official name: Acacia raddiana Savi

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne

Pictures:

Acacia_raddiana2.jpg , Acacia_raddiana.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(137), H(201)

Recipes:

H(095), dried pods called are pounded and mixed with milk and eaten
H(137), H2O decoction of dried bark used for relieving bone pain, "nkiritet"
H(201), the whole plant is used for "lasarr" and "nkieu" rituals.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: ltepes (Dorobo (Suiei)

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(091), H(095), H(201), H(203)

Recipes:

H(091) decoction of dried bark of Acacia tortilis used for relieving bone pain, .
H(095) dried pods called are pounded and mixed with milk and eaten.
H(201) the whole plant is used for and rituals
H(203) the wood is important cmaterial for hut and fence construction, and the inner bark is used as binding material. The root is used for a haft of chisel for curving wood container

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: ltepes (Dorobo) (Suiei)

1 reference(s) for Acacia reficiens Wawra & Peyr.

Official name: Acacia reficiens Wawra & Peyr.

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Acacia_reficiens1.jpg , Acacia_reficiens2.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(095) sweet inner bark of Acacia reficiens chewed
H(104) bark used for children's stomach disorder

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: ichurai (Dorobo) (Suiei)

1 reference(s) for Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.

Official name: Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Acacia verek Guill. & Perr.; Mimosa senegal L.

Pictures:

Acacia_senegal-koeh-004.jpg , Acacia_senegal2.jpg , HA06Acacia_senegal.jpg , Acacia_senegal.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(095) gum of Acacia senegal obtained in large quantities and eaten
H(104), bark soaked in water and used as medicine for stomach disorder

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: nderikesi ( Dorobo) (Suiei)

1 reference(s) for Acacia sp.

Official name: Acacia sp.

Family: Fabaceae

Reference HM 34

Author: Maundu, P., D. Berger, C. Ole Saitabau, J. Nasieku, M. Kipelian, S. Mathenge, Y. Morimoto, R. Höft

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Loita Maasai. People and Plants Working Paper 8. Unesco, Paris, 34 p. (2001)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) plants, particularly Acacia spp., are chewed for their sweet taste, their water content, as an exercise for the jaws and to pass time. The bark is removed and the inner light-coloured thin layer is chewed.

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Naimina Enkiyio (Loita) Forest)

Vernacular name: not registered by the investigators

1 reference(s) for Achyranthes aspera L.

Official name: Achyranthes aspera L.

Family: Amaranthaceae

Synonyms:

Achyranthes annua Dinter; Achyranthes indica (L.) Mill.; Achyranthes aspera L. var. sicula; Achyranthes obovata Peter.

Pictures:

Achyranthes_aspera4.jpg , Achyranthes_aspera2.jpg , Achyranthes_aspera3.jpg , HL13Achyranthes_aspera.jpg , Achyranthes_aspera1.jpg , Achyranthes_aspera5.jpg

Reference HB 2k

Author: Bebawi, F. F. & L. Neugebohrn

Title:

A review of plants of Northern Sudan with special reference to their Uses. Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, Postfach 5180, D-6236 Eschborn, Federal Republic of Germany, 296 p., (1991) Distributed by: D-6101 Rossdorf, Federal Republic of Germany.

Symptoms: H(004), H(045), H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), ONS. RNS.
H(045) + H(004), the root chewed and used as styptic on cuts

Region: East Africa

Country: Soudan

Vernacular name: not registered

1 reference(s) for Acokanthera schimperi (A.DC.) Schweinf.

Official name: Acokanthera schimperi (A.DC.) Schweinf.

Family: Apocynaceae

Pictures:

Acokanthera_schimperi.jpg

Reference HM 34

Author: Maundu, P., D. Berger, C. Ole Saitabau, J. Nasieku, M. Kipelian, S. Mathenge, Y. Morimoto, R. Höft

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Loita Maasai. People and Plants Working Paper 8. Unesco, Paris, 34 p. (2001)

Symptoms: H(092), H(095)

Recipes:

H(092) all parts of the plant can be used. Stems, roots, or even leaves, are put in a large container, filled with water and boiled for up to 10 hours in a secluded area. Once all the water has evaporated, a thick sticky black substance is left in the container.This substance is then cut into pieces, put into containers or wrapped and stored away from people. Arrow poison is applied on arrow tips. The arrows are used for hunting and for self defence. Once introduced into the blood system the poison can kill in 20 minutes. The hunter gatherers who lived in Loita Forest were known for their expertise in poison-making and hunting, using poisoned arrows.
H(095), the latex from Acokanthera spp. can be made into chewing gum for children.

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Naimina Enkiyio (Loita) Forest)

Vernacular name: not registered by the investigators

5 reference(s) for Adansonia digitata L.

Official name: Adansonia digitata L.

Family: Bombacaceae

Synonyms:

Adansonia sphaerocarpa A.Chev.

Pictures:

Adansonia_digitata4.jpg , Adansonia_digitata5.jpg , HA06Adansonia_digitata.jpg , Adansonia_digitata3.jpg , Adansonia_digitata2.jpg , Adansonia_digitata6.jpg , Adansonia_digitata1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, leaves, fruits, seeds de Adansonia digitata

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: mbondo, mukua (Kimbundu), imbondeiro (Portuguese)

Reference HB 38

Author: Belem, B, B. M. I. Nacoulma, R. Gbangou, S. Kambou, H. H. Hansen, Q. Gausset, S. Lund, A. Raebild, D. Lompo, M. Ouedraogo, I. Theilade & I. J. Boussim

Title:

Use of Non Wood Forest Products by local people bordering the ?Parc National Kaboré Tambi?, Burkina Faso. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies vol. 6, no. 1, (2007)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) edible fruit species and wild vegetables of Adansonia digitata

Region: West Africa

Country: Center South region of Burkina Faso (National Park of Kaboré Tambi)

Vernacular name: tohèga (Moré)

Reference HB 43

Author: Blench, R.

Title:

Dagomba plant names (Preliminary circulation draft) Published on WWW. Text included in Grey littérature of Prelude

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fresh baobab leaves (tùká?ú) used for soup, the flesh of the pods can be eaten and the seeds can be roasted and made into a paste for flavouring

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Northern region)

Vernacular name: tùá (Dagomba)

Reference HB 43

Author: Blench, R.

Title:

Dagomba plant names (Preliminary circulation draft) Published on WWW. Text included in Grey littérature of Prelude

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fresh baobab leaves (tùká?ú) used for soup, the flesh of the pods can be eaten and the seeds can be roasted and made into a paste for flavouring

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Northern region)

Vernacular name: tùá (Dagomba)

Reference HM 33

Author: Malgras, D. (R.P.)

Title:

Arbres et arbustes guérisseurs des savanes maliennes. Editions Karthala, 22 - 24, boulevard Arago, 75013 Paris, 480 p. (1992)

Symptoms: H(001), H(002), H(004), H(008), H(014), H(027), H(046), H(051), H(053), H(056), H(076), H(095), H(103), H(113), H(124), H(126), H(143)

Recipes:

H(001) conjunctivitis, decoction trunk barks of Adansonia digitata, eyes instillations
H(002) lactogenic, trunks barks powder of Adansonia digitata of Sterculia setigera + son of mil, RNS.
H(004) wounds, H(124) haemorrhage, trunks barks powder of Adansonia digitata in local applications
H(004) wounds which suppurate, flour of Adansonia., local application
H(008) diarrhoea, infusion of leaves of Adansonia., VO.
H(008) diarrhoea, childs, leaves of Adansonia., VO.
H(014) skin disease, H(056) filaria, H(126) hepatitis, H(126) liver cirrhosis, empty roasted cloves, RNS.
H(027) prevention of abortion, powder of fruits of Adansonia. + flour of millet, RNS.
H(046) chicken-pox, H(143) variola, fruit pulp of Adansonia. + flour of sorgho + H2O, RNS.
H(051) fevers, H(113) inflammations, decoction trunk barks of Adansonia digitata, RNS.
H(053) otitis, decoction of fruits of Adansonia., RNS.
H(076) stomatitis, H(103) gingivitis, decoction trunk barks of Adansonia digitata, gargle
H(103) tooth ashes, pulp of trunks barks of Adansonia digitata, to chew
H(103) tooth hole, powder of roasted seeds in tooth hole
H(095) food, fruit, flour of fruits, leaves in sauces

Region: West Africa

Country: Mali

Vernacular name: sira,nsira (Bambara), sira (Malinke), zige (Minyanka), zenge (Senoufo), 'iya, 'ile (Bwa), pii (Bobo-fing), oro (Dogon)

1 reference(s) for Aframomum laurentii (De Wild. & T.Durand) K.Schum.

Official name: Aframomum laurentii (De Wild. & T.Durand) K.Schum.

Family: Zingiberaceae

Reference HA 29 e

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

The Mbuti Pygmies in the Ituri forest of north-eastern Zaire, around Katala and Mawambo village (N 1.0', E 29.10', alt. c. 1000 m), Zone de Mambasa, Region de Haut-Zaire in : AFLORA on the Web (http://130.54.103.36/aflora.nsf) The database of traditional plant utilization in AfricaCenter for African Area Studies, Kyoto University

Symptoms: H(095), H(203)

Recipes:

H(095) white juicy parts around seeds in red fruit of Aframomum laurentii are eaten raw. The fruit is specially called tundu
H(203) Aframomum laurentii is used as construction material of the semi-circular hut of the Mbuti.

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Nduye, zone of Mambasa, Ituri forest)

Vernacular name: amekpi (Mbuti)

1 reference(s) for Aframomum melegueta K. Schum.

Official name: Aframomum melegueta K. Schum.

Family: Zingiberaceae

Pictures:

HA05Aframomum_melegueta.jpg , Aframomum_melegueta.jpg , Aframomum_melegueta1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, dry fruits of Aframomum melegueta

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: ndongo (Kimbundu), dongos-do-Congo, malagueta (Portuguese)

1 reference(s) for Aframomum sanguineum (K. Schum.) K. Schum.

Official name: Aframomum sanguineum (K. Schum.) K. Schum.

Family: Zingiberaceae

Reference HA 29 e

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(203)

Recipes:

H(095) white juicy parts around seeds in red fruit of Aframomum sanguineum are eaten raw. The fruit is specially called tundu
H(203) Aframomum sanguineum is used as construction material of the semi-circular hut of the Mbuti.

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Nduye, zone of Mambasa, Ituri forest)

Vernacular name: ngemoa (Mbuti)

2 reference(s) for Afzelia africana Smith ex Pers.

Official name: Afzelia africana Smith ex Pers.

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Afzelia_africana1.jpg , HA03Afzelia_africana.jpg , Afzelia_africana2.jpg

Reference HB 38

Author: Belem, B, B. M. I. Nacoulma, R. Gbangou, S. Kambou, H. H. Hansen, Q. Gausset, S. Lund, A. Raebild, D. Lompo, M. Ouedraogo, I. Theilade & I. J. Boussim

Title:

Use of Non Wood Forest Products by local people bordering the ?Parc National Kaboré Tambi?, Burkina Faso. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies vol. 6, no. 1, (2007)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) Afzelia africana edible wild vegetables

Region: West Africa

Country: Center South region of Burkina Faso (National Park of Kaboré Tambi)

Vernacular name: kankalga (Moré)

Reference HI 05

Author: Igoli, J.O., O.G. Ogaji, T.A. Tor-Anyiin & N.P. Igoli

Title:

Traditional medicine practice amongst the Igede people of Nigeria. Part II. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines (2) pp. 134 - 152 (2005)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), seeds as spice

Region: West Africa

Country: Nigeria Benue state, Igede people)

Vernacular name: igbe (Igede)

1 reference(s) for Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms

Official name: Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms

Family: Alangiaceae

Pictures:

Alangium_chinense4.jpg , Alangium_chinense1.jpg , Alangium_chinense2.jpg , Alangium_chinense3.jpg

Reference HA 29 e

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(092), H(095)

Recipes:

H(092) the bark and root are highly toxic, but the medical use is not confirmed in the Ituri forest
H(095), the caterpillars (basoko) which feed on the leaves of this tree are roasted or boiled and eaten

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Nduye, zone of Mambasa, Ituri forest)

Vernacular name: lubese, busele (Mbuti)

2 reference(s) for Albizia anthelmintica Brongn.

Official name: Albizia anthelmintica Brongn.

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Albizia_anthelmintica1.jpg , Albizia_anthelmintica2.jpg , Albizia_anthelmintica3.jpg , Albizia_anthelmintica4.jpg , Albizia_anthelmintica5.jpg , Albizia_anthelmintica6.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(095), nector source
H(104), bark soaked in water and used as medicine for stomach disorder, soecially for execessive eating; bark tastes "kemototo" (astringent)

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: loimuki (lokusoroi) (Dorobo) (Suiei)

Reference HA 29 g

Author: Tanaka, J.

Title:

The Central Kalahari Bushmen (|Gui and ||Gana) in Botswana, collected by J. Tanaka from 1966. in : AFLORA on the Web (http://130.54.103.36/aflora.nsf) The database of traditional plant utilization in AfricaCenter for African Area Studies, Kyoto University

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f), edible gum

Region: South Africa

Country: Botswana (central Kalahari)

Vernacular name: kxaru (Bushman) (Central Kalahari)

1 reference(s) for Albizia gummifera (J.F.Gmel.) C.A.Sm.

Official name: Albizia gummifera (J.F.Gmel.) C.A.Sm.

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Albizia_gummifera1.jpg , Albizia_gummifera2.jpg

Reference HA 29 e

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(092), H(095)

Recipes:

H(092) the bark of Albizia gummifera is powdered and pounded with other plants to make an arrow poison
H(095) The flowers are nector source.

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Ituri, Mawanbo, Mambasa, Haut-Zaire)

Vernacular name: kamgba (Mbuti)

2 reference(s) for Allium cepa L.

Official name: Allium cepa L.

Family: Alliaceae

Pictures:

Allium_cepa4.jpg , HA03Allium_cepa.jpg , Allium_cepa5.jpg , Allium_cepa2.jpg , Allium_cepa3.jpg , Allium_cepa6.jpg , Allium_cepa1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, bulbs, pods of Allium cepa

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (o)vayu (Umubumbu), cebola (Portuguese)

Reference HN 16

Author: Ndukwu, B.C. and N.B.Ben-Nwadibia

Title:

Ethnomedicinal aspects of plants used as spices and condiments in the Niger delta area of Nigeria Leaflets Journal on WWW : http://www.siu.edu/~ebl/leaflets/niger.htm

Symptoms: H(013), H(014), H(020x), H(037), H(045), H(053), H(060), H(078), H(082), H(091), H(095), H(094), H(152), H(157), H(175), H(186)

Recipes:

H(091), H(186), onion bulb serves as a stimulant and expectorant
H(014), H(020x), H(045), Generally antimicrobial, it is usually crushed and its juice used against skin infections and insect bites
H(013), H(053), H(094), H(175) + H(078), the roasted onion or its compress is used as poultice for tumors, ulcers, earaches and piles
H(037), H(082), H(152), H(157), juice of onion is mixed with honey in the treatment of asthma, cough, cold, convulsion and hypotension
H(048), H(060), fresh onion leaves is mostly used to eat roasted meat ?suya? as a carminative and to reduce cholesterol level.
H(095), onion bulb is mostly used for flavouring and garnishing soup and foods

Region: West Africa

Country: Nigeria

Vernacular name: alubarha (Bini); oyim mbakara (Efik/Ibibio ) ; yabasi (Igbo) ; alubosa (Yoruba) ; red onion (English)

2 reference(s) for Allium sativum L.

Official name: Allium sativum L.

Family: Alliaceae

Pictures:

Allium_sativum2.jpg , HA01Allium_sativum.jpg , Allium_sativum1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, bulbs, pods of Allium sativum

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (o)vayu (Umubumbu), alho ordinario (Portuguese)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Les plantes médicinales de la région nord de Madagascar : Une approche ethnopharmacologique Ethnopharmacologia, n°36, novembre, pp. 36 - 50. (2005) Bulletin de la société française d'ethnopharmacologie et de la société européenne d'ethnopharmacologie

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), juice of pounded bulb

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: dongololay

1 reference(s) for Allophylus africanus P. Beauv.

Official name: Allophylus africanus P. Beauv.

Family: Sapindaceae

Pictures:

HA03Allophylus_africanus.jpg , Allophylus_africanus1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, very good fruit of Allophylus africanus

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: teba (Kimbundu)

1 reference(s) for Aloe sp.

Official name: Aloe sp.

Family: Asphodelaceae

Pictures:

Aloe_sp_AFLORA.jpg , HA08Aloe_sp.jpg , Aloe_sp2.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(001), H(095)

Recipes:

H(001), juice squeezed from leaves is used as eye lotion
root used as fermentizer to brew honey beer

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: sukuroi (Dorobo) (Suiei)

2 reference(s) for Aloe zebrina Baker

Official name: Aloe zebrina Baker

Family: Asphodelaceae

Pictures:

Aloe_zebrina5.jpg , Aloe_zebrina3.jpg , Aloe_zebrina4.jpg , Aloe_zebrina2.jpg , Aloe_zebrina1.jpg

Reference HA 29 g

Author: Tanaka, J.

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), leaf flesh of Aloe zebrina is squashed and mixed mith other vegetable for soup.

Region: South Africa

Country: Botswana (central Kalahari)

Vernacular name: orn (Bushman) (Central Kalahari)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, flowers of Aloe zebrina

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: mantombo (Nyaneka), (otyi)andola (Ganguela), aloeés (Portuguese)

2 reference(s) for Amaranthus graecizans L.

Official name: Amaranthus graecizans L.

Family: Amaranthaceae

Pictures:

Amaranthus_graecizans1.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), leaves pounded and boiled with oil and salt, then eaten as relish; available in rainy season.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: nderere, ( Dorobo) (Suiei)

Reference HN 13b

Author: Naegelé, A.

Title:

Contribution à l'étude de la flore et des groupements végétaux de la Mauritanie.II, Plantes recueillies par Melle Odette du Puigaudeau en 1950. Bulletin de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire (I.F.A.N.), série A, XX, 3, 876 - 908, (1958)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), cake of seeds

Region: West Africa

Country: Mauritania

Vernacular name: sag el mohor (Hassaniya)

3 reference(s) for Amaranthus hybridus L.

Official name: Amaranthus hybridus L.

Family: Amaranthaceae

Synonyms:

Amaranthus caudatus sensu FWTA

Pictures:

Amaranthus_hybridus1.jpg , Amaranthus_hybridus3.jpg , Amaranthus_hybridus4.jpg , Amaranthus_hybridus2.jpg

Reference HA 29 e

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), leaves are boiled and eaten as relish

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Nduye, zone of Mambasa, Ituri forest)

Vernacular name: kpedekpede, ( means "to be soft" ) (Mbuti)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, seeds, leaves of Amaranthus caudatus

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (ji)mboa (Kimbundu), moncos-de-peru, chorbes-dos-jardins (Portuguese)

Reference HV 01

Author: Van Puyvelde L., M. Ngaboyisonga, P.C. Rwangabo, S. Mukarugambwa, A. Kayonga, Runyinya-Barabwiriza

Title:

Enquêtes ethnobotaniques sur la médecine traditionnelle rwandaise.Tome 1: Préfecture de Kibuye. Univ. Nat. Inst. Nat. Rech. Sc., Butare (Rwanda), 147 p., (1977)

Symptoms: H(037), H(095), H(201)

Recipes:

H(037) pneumonia, leaves of Hibiscus fuscus of Leonotis nepetifolia of Amaranthus hybridus of Cajanus sp., to pound, extraction, to filter, VO.
H(037) pneumonia, leaves of Leonotis nepetifolia of Abrus fruticulosus of Amaranthus hybridus of Cajanus sp., to pound, extraction, to filter, VO.
H(095) athrepsie nutritionnelle (tambwe), leaves of Ipomoea sp of Amaranthus hybridus deThalictrum rhynchocarpum of Indigofera arrecta of Crotalaria sp., to pound, to filter, VO.+ salt
H(201) psychosis, leaves of Crotalaria incana .. subsp. Purpurescens of Hygrophila auriculata of Coleus flavo-virens, stem with leaves of Commelina sp, leaves of Amaranthus hybridus of Canarina eminii, to pound, to dilute, to filter, VO.
H(201) psychosis, leaves of Chenopodium sp. of Commelina sp. of Hygrophila auriculata of Coleus flavo-virens, leaves of Amaranthus hybridus of Canarina eminii, to pound, to dilute, to filter, VO.

Region: Central Africa

Country: Rwanda

Vernacular name: not registered

4 reference(s) for Amaranthus spinosus L.

Official name: Amaranthus spinosus L.

Family: Amaranthaceae

Pictures:

HA03Amaranthus_spinosus.jpg , Amaranthus_spinosus1.jpg , Amaranthus_spinosus5.jpg , Amaranthus_spinosus_fa02012.jpg , Amaranthus_spinosus4.jpg , Amaranthus_spinosus2.jpg , Amaranthus_spinosus3.jpg , Amaranthus_spinosus_fa02010.jpg , Amaranthus_spinosus_fa02011.jpg

Reference HB 26M

Author: Bonnefoux, Benedicto Marius (R.P.)

Title:

Plantes médicinales du Hufla. Manuscrits n° 1 et n°2 (Congrégation do Espirito Santo), 1885-1937. Registrated by Bossard, E. in ref. HB 25M

Symptoms: H(053), H(095)

Recipes:

H(053) otitis, sap, drops in ears
H(095) food (additive), to eat leaves as spinach

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (region of Hufla)

Vernacular name: (o) mboa (Nyaneka)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, leaves of Amaranthus spinosus

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (o; olo)mbwa (Umubumbu), (omu/o)mboa (Nyaneka)

Reference HI 05

Author: Igoli, J.O., O.G. Ogaji, T.A. Tor-Anyiin & N.P. Igoli

Title:

Traditional medicine practice amongst the Igede people of Nigeria. Part II. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines (2) pp. 134 - 152 (2005)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), leaves as vegetable

Region: West Africa

Country: Nigeria Benue state, Igede people)

Vernacular name: ufu okongo (Igede)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(123)

Recipes:

H(095), arian parts, infusion, VO. (romazava)
H(123) crabs allergy, twigs and aerian parts

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: agnambario, agnampatsy, anâm-patsy

1 reference(s) for Amaranthus viridis L.

Official name: Amaranthus viridis L.

Family: Amaranthaceae

Pictures:

Amaranthus_viridis5.jpg , Amaranthus_viridis2.jpg , Amaranthus_viridis.jpg , Amaranthus_viridis3.jpg , Amaranthus_viridis4.jpg

Reference HR 11

Author: Raponda-Walker, A. & R. Sillans

Title:

Les Plantes utiles du Gabon. Encyclopédie biologique. Editions Paul Lechevalier, 12 rue de Tournon, Paris VI, 478 p. (1961)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), feuilles, VO.

Region: West Africa

Country: Gabon

Vernacular name: Ilupu nya pupu (Mpongwè, Galoa, Nkomi, Orungu)

5 reference(s) for Anacardium occidentale L.

Official name: Anacardium occidentale L.

Family: Anacardiaceae

Pictures:

HA05Anacardium_occidentale.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale10.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale2.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale4.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale5.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale6.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale-koeh-010.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale7.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale3.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale8.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale9.jpg , Anacardium_occidentale1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, almond of Anacardium occidentale

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: cajueiro (Portuguese)

Reference HB 43

Author: Blench, R.

Title:

Dagomba plant names (Preliminary circulation draft) Published on WWW. Text included in Grey littérature of Prelude

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fruit of Anacardium occidentale, VO.

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Northern region)

Vernacular name: àntírìnyà (Dagomba)

Reference HB 43

Author: Blench, R.

Title:

Dagomba plant names (Preliminary circulation draft) Published on WWW. Text included in Grey littérature of Prelude

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fruit of Anacardium occidentale, VO.

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Northern region)

Vernacular name: àntírìnyà (Dagomba)

Reference HM 33

Author: Malgras, D. (R.P.)

Title:

Arbres et arbustes guérisseurs des savanes maliennes. Editions Karthala, 22 - 24, boulevard Arago, 75013 Paris, 480 p. (1992)

Symptoms: H(006), H(008), H(037), H(046), H(092), H(094), H(095), H(100), H(104), H(113), H(126), H(151), H(161), H(152), H(171)

Recipes:

H(006) laxative, fruit (cajou nuts) of Anacardium occidentale, VO.
H(008) dysentery, H(171) diabetes, H(152) hypotension, extract of barks of Anacardium occidentale, maceration, RNS.
H(037) cough, roots of Anacardium occidentale, decoction, VO.
H(046) chicken-pox, H(104) colics, fresh leaves of Anacardium occidentale, barks of Nauclea latifolia, maceration, RNS.
H(092) toxic, fruit (cajou nuts) when crushed product a quality oil but toxic
H(094) haemorrhoids, H(100) blennorrage, H(113) lameness, leaves of Anacardium., decoction, VO.
H(095) food, cajou apple, VO., the almond is used un pastry
H(126) jaundice, trunks barks of Anacardium. en decoction, bath, VO.
H(151) hypertension, H(171) diabetes, stems with leaves of Anacardium., decoction, bath, VO.
H(161) warts, corrosive juice of du pericarp of Anacardium., local application

Region: West Africa

Country: Mali

Vernacular name: jibarani, darakase (Bambara), jibarani (Malinke), komi gason (Senoufo), mali sow (Bobo-fing)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(008), H(095)

Recipes:

H(008) diarrhoea , decoction of leaves and barks, VO.
H(095), grilled dry nuts, VO.

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: mahabibo, mabibo

2 reference(s) for Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.

Official name: Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.

Family: Bromeliaceae

Pictures:

Ananas_comosus5.jpg , Ananas_comosus4.jpg , HA21Ananas_comosus.jpg , Ananas_comosus1.jpg , Ananas_comosus2.jpg , Ananas_comosus3.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Ananas comosus

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: ananas, abacasi (Portuguese)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fruit, VO.

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: mananasy

2 reference(s) for Annona muricata L.

Official name: Annona muricata L.

Family: Annonaceae

Pictures:

Annona_muricata1.jpg , Annona_muricata3.jpg , Annona_muricata2.jpg , Annona_muricata7.jpg , Annona_muricata4.jpg , Annona_muricata5.jpg , Annona_muricata6.jpg , HA01Annona_muricata.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Annona muricata

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: sap-sap (Portuguese)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(008), H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(008) diarrhoea, dysentery, H(008) + H(104), leaves decoctions, VO.
H(095), fruit, VO. or juice

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: karasôly

3 reference(s) for Annona senegalensis Pers.

Official name: Annona senegalensis Pers.

Family: Annonaceae

Synonyms:

Annona arenaria Thonn.; Annona senegalensis Pers. var. senegalensis; Annona chrysophylla Bojer

Pictures:

HA06Annona_senegalensis.jpg , Annona_senegalensis1.jpg , Annona_senegalensis3.jpg , Annona_senegalensis2.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruits of Annona senegalensis

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: kilolo (Kikongo)

Reference HB 38

Author: Belem, B, B. M. I. Nacoulma, R. Gbangou, S. Kambou, H. H. Hansen, Q. Gausset, S. Lund, A. Raebild, D. Lompo, M. Ouedraogo, I. Theilade & I. J. Boussim

Title:

Use of Non Wood Forest Products by local people bordering the ?Parc National Kaboré Tambi?, Burkina Faso. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies vol. 6, no. 1, (2007)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) Annona senegalensis edible wild vegetables

Region: West Africa

Country: Center South region of Burkina Faso (National Park of Kaboré Tambi)

Vernacular name: barkudga (Moré)

Reference HB 43

Author: Blench, R.

Title:

Dagomba plant names (Preliminary circulation draft) Published on WWW. Text included in Grey littérature of Prelude

Symptoms: H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(095), tree of Annona senegalensis with edible fruit.
H(104) roots are used to treat waist-pain.

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Northern region)

Vernacular name: bulimbugu (Dagomba)

2 reference(s) for Annona squamosa L.

Official name: Annona squamosa L.

Family: Annonaceae

Pictures:

Annona_squamosa10.jpg , HA08Annona_squamosa.jpg , Annona_squamosa2.jpg , Annona_squamosa3.jpg , Annona_squamosa5.jpg , Annona_squamosa6.jpg , Annona_squamosa4.jpg , Annona_squamosa7.jpg , Annona_squamosa9.jpg , Annona_squamosa1.jpg

Reference HM 33

Author: Malgras, D. (R.P.)

Title:

Arbres et arbustes guérisseurs des savanes maliennes. Editions Karthala, 22 - 24, boulevard Arago, 75013 Paris, 480 p. (1992)

Symptoms: H(008), H(039), H(068), H(095)

Recipes:

H(008) diarrhoea, fruit of Annona squamosa, VO.
H(039) insecticide, H(068) vermifuge, decoction of leaves of Annona., RNS.
H(095) food, fruit , VO.

Region: West Africa

Country: Mali

Vernacular name: tubabu sunsun (Bambara)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fruit, VO.

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: kônokônovazaha

1 reference(s) for Apodytes dimidiata E. Meyer

Official name: Apodytes dimidiata E. Meyer

Family: Icacinaceae

Pictures:

Apodytes_dimidiata2.jpg , Apodytes_dimidiata1.jpg , Apodytes_dimidiata3.jpg , Apodytes_dimidiata4.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(091), H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(091), H(104) bark of Apodytes dimidiata soaked in water and used as medicine for stomach disorder; also used as medicine for strength by ; bark tastes (tannin's taste).
H(095) nector source.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: iyeu, iyeuneti (Dorobo) (Suiei)

2 reference(s) for Arachis hypogaea L.

Official name: Arachis hypogaea L.

Family: Fabaceae

Pictures:

Arachis_hypogaea-koeh-161.jpg , Arachis_hypogaea4.jpg , HA03Arachis_hypogaea.jpg , Arachis_hypogaea1.jpg , Arachis_hypogaea2.jpg , Arachis_hypogaea3.jpg

Reference B6 Nord

Author: Bellakhdar, J.

Title:

La pharmacopée marocaine traditionnelle: Médecine arabe ancienne et savoirs populaires. Ibis Press, 764 p. (1997)

Symptoms: H(095), H(139)

Recipes:

H(095), high energetic
H(139) , seeds Arachis hypogaea + almonds + fruits d'Ammodaucus leucotrichus + seeds Reseda villosa, VO.
THIS PLANT HAS NO SIGNALIZED USE IN VETERINARY MEDICINE IN NORTH AFRICA BUT WELL IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Region: North Africa

Country: Moroco

Vernacular name: kawkaw. (Oriental Moroco) qawqaw. I-hamra, I-gerta (Moresque), arachide, cacahuète (local French)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) food complement, seeds of Arachis hypogaea

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (olo)ngupe, (o)ndombe (Umubumbu), jinguba (tout l'Angola), amendoim (Portuguese)

1 reference(s) for Argemone mexicana L.

Official name: Argemone mexicana L.

Family: Papaveraceae

Pictures:

Argemone_mexicana2.jpg , Argemone_mexicana1.jpg , Argemone_mexicana6.jpg , Argemone_mexicana7.jpg , Argemone_mexicana3.jpg , Argemone_mexicana4.jpg , Argemone_mexicana5.jpg , HA03Argemone_mexicana.jpg

Reference HG 20

Author: Gurib-Fakim, Ameenah, Joseph Guého

Title:

Plantes médicinales de l'île Rodrigues Stanley, Rose-Hill. Editions de l'océan indien - Université de Maurice (Réduit) , 580 p. (1994) (ISBN 99903-0-171-9)

Symptoms: H(004), H(038), H(095), H(100)

Recipes:

H(004) wound, decoction of the plant of Argemone mexicana, to wash
H(038) urinary infection, H(100) hot pis, decoction of leaves of Caesalpinia bonduc of roots of Lantania verschaffeltii of stems of Argemone mexicana, VO.
H(095) refreshing drink, decoction of the plant of Argemone mexicana

Region: Mauritius

Country: Rodrigues Island

Vernacular name: chardon

1 reference(s) for Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.

Official name: Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.

Family: Moraceae

Pictures:

Artocarpus_heterophyllus4.jpg , Artocarpus_heterophyllus5.jpg , Artocarpus_heterophyllus1.jpg , Artocarpus_heterophyllus3.jpg , Artocarpus_heterophyllus3.jpg

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(008), H(060), H(095)

Recipes:

H(008) diarrhoea, dysentery, H(060), decoction of yellow leaves, VO.
H(095), fruits and seeds boiled or roasted, VO.

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: finesy

1 reference(s) for Aspilia mossambicensis (Oliv.) Wild

Official name: Aspilia mossambicensis (Oliv.) Wild

Family: Asteraceae

Synonyms:

Aspilia chrysops S. Moore; Aspilia holstii O.Hoffm

Pictures:

Aspilia_mossambicensis1.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), known as nector source

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: loiyapasei (Dorobo) (Suiei)

1 reference(s) for Azadirachta indica A. Juss.

Official name: Azadirachta indica A. Juss.

Family: Meliaceae

Synonyms:

Melia azadirachta L.

Pictures:

Azadirachta_indica5.jpg , Azadirachta_indica4.jpg , Azadirachta_indica6.jpg , Melia_azadirachta2.jpg , Azadirachta_indica_fa04084.jpg , Azadirachta_indica_fa04085.jpg , Azadirachta_indica3.jpg , Azadirachta_indica1.jpg , Azadirachta_indica2.jpg , Melia_azadirachta4.jpg , HA06Azadira_indica.jpg , Melia_azadirachta3.jpg , Melia_azadirachta1.jpg

Reference HB 43

Author: Blench, R.

Title:

Dagomba plant names (Preliminary circulation draft) Published on WWW. Text included in Grey littérature of Prelude

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) twigs of Azadirachta indica used as chewsticks. Oil from the seeds is used to preserve stored crops.

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Northern region)

Vernacular name: nyímsílì (Dagomba)

2 reference(s) for Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del.

Official name: Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del.

Family: Balanitaceae

Synonyms:

Balanites gillettii Cufod.

Pictures:

Balanites_aegyptiaca1.jpg , HA06Balanites_aegyptiaca.jpg , Balanites_aegyptiaca2.jpg , Balanites_aegyptiaca3.jpg , Balanites_aegyptiaca4.jpg , Balanites_aegyptiaca5.jpg

Reference HB 38

Author: Belem, B, B. M. I. Nacoulma, R. Gbangou, S. Kambou, H. H. Hansen, Q. Gausset, S. Lund, A. Raebild, D. Lompo, M. Ouedraogo, I. Theilade & I. J. Boussim

Title:

Use of Non Wood Forest Products by local people bordering the ?Parc National Kaboré Tambi?, Burkina Faso. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies vol. 6, no. 1, (2007)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) Balanites aegyptiaca edible wild vegetables and edible flowers

Region: West Africa

Country: Center South region of Burkina Faso (National Park of Kaboré Tambi)

Vernacular name: kyeguelga (Moré)

Reference HB 43

Author: Blench, R.

Title:

Dagomba plant names (Preliminary circulation draft) Published on WWW. Text included in Grey littérature of Prelude

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) small thorn tree with edible fruit

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Northern region)

Vernacular name: gàblìgá (Dagomba)

1 reference(s) for Balanites orbicularis Sprague

Official name: Balanites orbicularis Sprague

Family: Balanitaceae

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(004), H(004), H(095)

Recipes:

H(001), leaves soaked in water and used as eye lotion
H(004), leaves pounded and applied to "nkipoloi" (a wound)
H(095), fruiteaten; available in early dry season.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: sarai (Dorobo (Suiei))

2 reference(s) for Bidens pilosa L.

Official name: Bidens pilosa L.

Family: Asteraceae

Pictures:

HA05Bidens_pilosa.jpg , Bidens_pilosa5.jpg , Bidens_pilosa3.jpg , Bidens_pilosa6.jpg , Bidens_pilosa4.jpg , Bidens_pilosa2.jpg , Bidens_pilosa1.jpg , Bidens_pilosa7.jpg

Reference HA 29 a

Author: H. Terashima

Title:

The Efe Pygmies and the Balese farmers in the Ituri forest of northeastern Zaire, around Andiri village (N 1.55', E 29.10', alt. c. 1000 m), Zone de Mambasa, Region de Haut-Zaire in : AFLORA on the Web (http://130.54.103.36/aflora.nsf) The database of traditional plant utilization in AfricaCenter for African Area Studies, Kyoto University

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), flower-decoction is taken as tea

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Ituri forest of northeastern Zaire)

Vernacular name: kpele, maniti (Efe)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(060), H(091), H(095), H(152)

Recipes:

H(060), H(091) again leaness, leaves decoction, VO.
H(095), leaves decoction, VO.
H(152), leaves decoctions, VO.

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: agnantialamba, agnantraka

1 reference(s) for Blighia sapida Koenig

Official name: Blighia sapida Koenig

Family: Sapindaceae

Pictures:

HA03Blighia_sapida.jpg , Blighia_sapida2.jpg , Blighia_sapida3.jpg , Blighia_sapida4.jpg , Blighia_sapida5.jpg

Reference HR 11

Author: Raponda-Walker, A. & R. Sillans

Title:

Les Plantes utiles du Gabon. Encyclopédie biologique. Editions Paul Lechevalier, 12 rue de Tournon, Paris VI, 478 p. (1961)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), arille comestible des graines (FAIRE)

Region: West Africa

Country: Gabon

Vernacular name: ngwim, ékom (Fang)

1 reference(s) for Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuill.

Official name: Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuill.

Family: Bombacaceae

Pictures:

Bombax_costatum1.jpg , HA06Bombax_costatum.jpg , Bombax_costatum2.jpg

Reference HB 38

Author: Belem, B, B. M. I. Nacoulma, R. Gbangou, S. Kambou, H. H. Hansen, Q. Gausset, S. Lund, A. Raebild, D. Lompo, M. Ouedraogo, I. Theilade & I. J. Boussim

Title:

Use of Non Wood Forest Products by local people bordering the ?Parc National Kaboré Tambi?, Burkina Faso. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies vol. 6, no. 1, (2007)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) edible flowers plants of Bombax costatum

Region: West Africa

Country: Center South region of Burkina Faso (National Park of Kaboré Tambi)

Vernacular name: voaka (Moré)

2 reference(s) for Borassus flabellifer L.

Official name: Borassus flabellifer L.

Family: Palmae

Synonyms:

Borassus aethiopum Mart.

Pictures:

Borassus_flabellifer1.jpg , Borassus_flabellifer2.jpg , Borassus_flabellifer3.jpg , Borassus_flabellifer4.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Borassus aethiopum

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (omu)kapa-kapa (Kioko)

Reference HM 39

Author: Medley, K

Title:

Extractive forest resources of the Tana river national primate reserve, Kenya Economic Botany 47 (2) pp. 171-183. 1993

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fruit of Borassus aethiopum edible, stem sap used in preparing palm wine

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Mt. Kenya and the Aberdare mountain range)

Vernacular name: mtalpa (Pokomo)

1 reference(s) for Boscia albitrunca (Burch.) Gilg. & Benedict

Official name: Boscia albitrunca (Burch.) Gilg. & Benedict

Family: Capparaceae

Pictures:

Boscia_albitrunca3.jpg , Boscia_albitrunca1.jpg , Boscia_albitrunca2.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Boscia albitrunca

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (omu)tendelete (Herero)

1 reference(s) for Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. ex Poir.

Official name: Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. ex Poir.

Family: Capparaceae

Synonyms:

Boscia octandra Hochst. ex Radlk.

Pictures:

Boscia_senegalensis1.jpg , HA06Boscia_senegalensis.jpg

Reference HN 13b

Author: Naegelé, A.

Title:

Symptoms: H(005), H(056), H(095)

Recipes:

H(005), whole leaves on swollen parts
H(068), fresh leaves, pounded, cooked in butter, cooled, application on wounds

Region: West Africa

Country: Mauritania

Vernacular name: aizen (Hassaniya)

1 reference(s) for Brachystegia laurentii (De Wild.) Louis ex Hoyle

Official name: Brachystegia laurentii (De Wild.) Louis ex Hoyle

Family: Fabaceae

Reference HA 29 b

Author: D. Kimurad

Title:

The Bongando (Ngandu) farmers in the central Zaire, around Iyondje village adjacent to Wamba, the research base of Bonobos (N 0, E 22), Zone de Tshuapa, Region d'Equateur; collected by D. Kimura, in 1986-1989. in : AFLORA on the Web (http://130.54.103.36/aflora.nsf) The database of traditional plant utilization in AfricaCenter for African Area Studies, Kyoto University

Symptoms: H(095), H(210)

Recipes:

H(037), the plant is used as a remedy for severe coughs or an acute disease, called "eke", peculiar to children; the powder of the dried bark is blown into the nose of a child attacked by the coughs
H(201), girls sniff the powder of the bark

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (around the Iyondje village, near Wamba, Shuapa, equatorial province)

Vernacular name: bokumbo, laanga (Bongando) (Ngandu)

1 reference(s) for Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. & Coss.

Official name: Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. & Coss.

Family: Brassicaceae

Pictures:

Brassica_juncea-koeh-166.jpg , Brassica_juncea1.jpg , Brassica_juncea4.jpg , Brassica_juncea2.jpg , Brassica_juncea3.jpg

Reference HG 20

Author: Gurib-Fakim, Ameenah, Joseph Guého

Title:

Plantes médicinales de l'île Rodrigues Stanley, Rose-Hill. Editions de l'océan indien - Université de Maurice (Réduit) , 580 p. (1994) (ISBN 99903-0-171-9)

Symptoms: H(051), H(095)

Recipes:

H(051) fever, decoction of the plant of Brassica juncea, VO.
H(051) fever, seeds crushed and mixed with table oil, VO.
H(095) alimentation, seeds

Region: Mauritius

Country: Rodrigues Island

Vernacular name: moutarde, chinese mustard

1 reference(s) for Brassica oleracea L.

Official name: Brassica oleracea L.

Family: Brassicaceae

Pictures:

Brassica_oleracea3.jpg , Brassica_oleracea4.jpg , Brassica_oleracea2.jpg , Brassica_oleracea1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, the whole plant of Brassica oleracea

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: couve (Portuguese)

1 reference(s) for Bridelia ferruginea Benth.

Official name: Bridelia ferruginea Benth.

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Pictures:

HA21Bridelia_ferruginea.jpg

Reference HM 33

Author: Malgras, D. (R.P.)

Title:

Arbres et arbustes guérisseurs des savanes maliennes. Editions Karthala, 22 - 24, boulevard Arago, 75013 Paris, 480 p. (1992)

Symptoms: H(001), H(008), H(008x), H(014), H(018), H(095), H(103), H(108), H(151)

Recipes:

H(001) conjunctivitis, roots of Bridelia ferruginea, maceration, eyes instillation
H(001) conjunctivitis, trunks barks of Bridelia ferruginea, maceration, eyes instillation
H(008) dysentery, H(151) hypertension, decoction roots of Bridelia., VO.
H(008) dysentery, H(151) hypertension, cooked meat in the decoction roots of Bridelia., VO.
H(008) dysentery, powder trunks barks of Bridelia., RNS.
H(008x) diarrhoea with blood, H(094) haemorrhoids, H(108) cold, stems with leaves, decoction, RNS.
H(008) dysentery, H(103) gingivitis, decoction trunk barks of Bridelia., mouth bath
H(018) sick headache, H(014) itch, decoction of leaves of Bridelia., RNS.
H(103) tooth ashes, maceration leaves of Bridelia., RNS.
H(108) cold, decoction trunk barks of Bridelia., VO.
H(095) food, fruits

Region: West Africa

Country: Mali

Vernacular name: dafi sagwan, sagwan baboni (Bambara), sawan (Malinke), ndiriwo (Minyanka), nyirinwo, jiringbo (Senoufo), du'upapa (Bwa)

1 reference(s) for Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baillon

Official name: Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baillon

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Pictures:

Bridelia_micrantha2.jpg , Bridelia_micrantha1.jpg , Bridelia_micrantha3.jpg , HA21Bridelia_micrantha.jpg , HR08Bridelia_micrantha.jpg

Reference HA 29 e

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(000), H(092), H(095)

Recipes:

H(000), the bark is boiled in water and red-brownish decoction (H2O) is used as enema
H(095), caterpillars (also called enjeku) on the leaves of the tree are eaten roasted. Available August through October
H(092), according to some Mbuti, the inner side of the bark is powdered and pounded together with other plants to make an arrow poison

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Nduye, zone of Mambasa, Ituri forest)

Vernacular name: enjeku (Mbuti).The caterpillars feeding on the leaves are also called <enjeku>

1 reference(s) for Bunium div. sp.

Official name: Bunium div. sp.

Family: Apiaceae

Reference B6 Nord

Author: Bellakhdar, J.

Title:

La pharmacopée marocaine traditionnelle: Médecine arabe ancienne et savoirs populaires. Ibis Press, 764 p. (1997)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), tubercles, VO. in case of penury de disette and always by the shepherds

Region: North Africa

Country: Moroco

Vernacular name: talgûdi, talgûdâ (Moroco)

3 reference(s) for Butyrospermum paradoxum (Gaertner f.) Hepper

Official name: Butyrospermum paradoxum (Gaertner f.) Hepper

Family: Sapotaceae

Synonyms:

Butyrospermum paradoxum subsp. parkii (G. Don) Hepper; Butyrospermum parkii (G. Don) Kotschy; Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertner f.

Reference HB 38

Author: Belem, B, B. M. I. Nacoulma, R. Gbangou, S. Kambou, H. H. Hansen, Q. Gausset, S. Lund, A. Raebild, D. Lompo, M. Ouedraogo, I. Theilade & I. J. Boussim

Title:

Use of Non Wood Forest Products by local people bordering the ?Parc National Kaboré Tambi?, Burkina Faso. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies vol. 6, no. 1, (2007)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) edible fruit species of Vitellaria paradoxa

Region: West Africa

Country: Center South region of Burkina Faso (National Park of Kaboré Tambi)

Vernacular name: taanga (Moré)

Reference HK 12

Author: Kerharo, J. & J.G. Adam

Title:

Plantes médicinales et toxiques des Peuls et des Toucouleurs du Sénégal. Journal d'Agriculture Tropicale et de Botanique Appliquée, (J.A.T.B.A.), 11, 384 - 444 , 543 - 599, (1964)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) butter to made pommades

Region: West Africa

Country: Senegal

Vernacular name: karé (Peul)

Reference HL 2k

Author: Lely, H.V.

Title:

The useful trees of Northern Nigeria. Published by the Crown Agents for the Colonies, 4 Millbank, London, S.W.1, 128 p., (1925)

Symptoms: H(000), H(095)

Recipes:

H(000), H(095), the oil is extracted and the butter made by the natives by a preliminary boiling in water, followed by repeated pounding and stirring in cold water, the oil which rises to the surface being skimmed off and placed to harden in calabashes. It is eaten as such, burnt as an illuminant and used as a base for certain medicines.

Region: West Africa

Country: Nigeria

Vernacular name: kdanya, kadai.

5 reference(s) for Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.

Official name: Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Cajanus indicus Spreng

Pictures:

Cajanus_cajan1.jpg , Cajanus_cajan3.jpg , Cajanus_cajan2.jpg , HA05Cajanus_cajan.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, seeds of Cajanus cajan

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: kandiangu (Umubumbu), ervilha-do-Congo (Portuguese)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(001), H(036), H(076), H(095), H(103), H(108), H(151)

Recipes:

H(001) eyes desease, tepid decoction of leaves, eyes bath
H(076) vesicle in the mouth, juice of leaves, mouth wash
H(095), seeds with meat, VO.
H(103), chewed leaves
H(108) sinusitis, juice of leaves, drops in nose
H(151) + H(036), decoction of the whole plant, VO.

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: ambatry

Reference HR 11

Author: Raponda-Walker, A. & R. Sillans

Title:

Les Plantes utiles du Gabon. Encyclopédie biologique. Editions Paul Lechevalier, 12 rue de Tournon, Paris VI, 478 p. (1961)

Symptoms: H(095), H(103)

Recipes:

H(095), many preparations
H(103), decoction of leaves, gargle

Region: West Africa

Country: Gabon

Vernacular name: osangé-w'éréré, osangé w'Orungu (Mpongwè), osangé-w'éréré, osang'éréré (Nkomi, Galoa, Orungu), uhangé-mwa-Mulungu (Benga), modjangi-a-gétété (Mitsogo), mutsangi -a-mwiri (Ngowé, Balumbu), osang-éli (Fang), bésangé-bé-djélé (Bakélé), butsangi-bu-muri (Eshira), ambrevade, pois d'Angola ( local French)

Reference HT 20

Author: Terrac, M.-L.

Title:

Contribution à l'étude des plantes médicinales de Madagascar, de la Réunion et de l'île Maurice. Thèse pour l'obtention du diplôme de Docteur de l'Université de Paris (Pharmacie), Novembre 1947. Imprimerie Vuibert, 6 rue Martel, Paris, 246 p., (1947)

Symptoms: H(006), H(007), H(037), H(095), H(103), H(124), H(193)

Recipes:

H(006) laxative, juice leaves, RNS.
H(007), diur., leaves, RNS.
H(037), buds, chest pain, fleurs, cough, RNS.
H(095), seeds, RNS.
H(103), teeth pain, abscess gums, crushed leaves, RNS.
H(124), leaves hemostatic, RNS.
H(193), leaves, cataplasmFrom references HT 20 - 4, HT 20 - 5, HT 20 - 6, HT 20 - 7, HT 20 - 8, HT 20 - 14

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar

Vernacular name: ambrevade

Reference HW 05

Author: Wome, B.

Title:

Recherches ethnopharmacognosiques sur les plantes médicinales utilisées en médecine traditionnelle à Kisangani (Haut-Zaïre). Thèse de doctorat, Université libre de Bruxelles, Fac. Sc., 561 p., (1985)

Symptoms: H(095), H(109), H(143)

Recipes:

H(095), seeds of Cajanus cajan
H(109), lumbar, leaves of Cajanus cajan, to pound, to filter, enema
H(143), leaves of Cajanus.to pound, to macerate, enema

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Kisangani)

Vernacular name: not registered

1 reference(s) for Capparis tomentosa Lam.

Official name: Capparis tomentosa Lam.

Family: Capparaceae

Synonyms:

Capparis polymorpha Guill. & Pers.; Capparis persicifolia A.Rich.

Pictures:

Capparis_tomentosa1.jpg , HA03Capparis_tomentosa.jpg , Capparis_tomentosa2.jpg , Capparis_tomentosa3.jpg , Capparis_tomentosa4.jpg

Reference HB 32

Author: Bussmann, R.W.

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Samburu of Mt. Nyirun South Turkana, Kenya. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2:35 (2006)

Symptoms: H(004), H(095), H(111)

Recipes:

H(004), H(111),chewed leaves, local application
H(095), fruit, VO.

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Mt Nyiru, South Turkana)

Vernacular name: laturdei

5 reference(s) for Capsicum annuum L.

Official name: Capsicum annuum L.

Family: Solanaceae

Pictures:

HA05Capsicum_annuum.jpg , Capsicum_annuum2.jpg , Capsicum_annuum1.jpg , Capsicum_annuum3.jpg , Capsicum_annuum4.jpg , Capsicum_annuum5.jpg , Capsicum_annuum6.jpg , HA06Capsicum_annuum.jpg , HR09Capsicum_annuum.jpg

Reference B5 Nord

Author: Boulos, L.

Title:

Medicinal plants of North Africa. Reference Publications, Inc., 218 St. Clair River Drive, Box 344, Algonac, Michigan 48001, 286p. , (1983)

Symptoms: H(007), H(091), H(094), H(095), H(104), H(139), H(164)

Recipes:

Fruit a condiment, H(104) stomachic, H(007) diuretic, H(099x) stimulant, H(164) revulsive, H(091) tonic, H(139) aphrodisiac, externally used as H(164) rubefacient, H(094) anthihemorrhoidal in small doses..
THIS PLANT HAS NO SIGNALIZED USE IN VETERINARY MEDICINE IN NORTH AFRICA BUT WELL IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Region: North Africa

Country: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocoo, Tunisia

Vernacular name: felfel ahmar;; felfel rumi; felfel haar, felfel helw ; felfel torshi, felfila. (Arabic),: Ifelfel ; chilla (Berber), capsicum, Red pepper, guinea pepper (English), piment des jardins ; piment cultivé; poivre de Guinée ; corail des jardins, poivre d?lnde; piment, capsique, poivrier long, poivron (local French)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) condiment, fruit of Capsicum annuum

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: pimento comum, pimento (Portuguese)

Reference HG 20

Author: Gurib-Fakim, Ameenah, Joseph Guého

Title:

Plantes médicinales de l'île Rodrigues Stanley, Rose-Hill. Editions de l'océan indien - Université de Maurice (Réduit) , 580 p. (1994) (ISBN 99903-0-171-9)

Symptoms: H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(095) food, fruit of Capsicum annuum as condiment
H(104) abdominal pain, seeds of Capsicum annuum, VO.

Region: Mauritius

Country: Rodrigues Island

Vernacular name: piment, gros piment, piment curry

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095)

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: sakay

Reference HR 11

Author: Raponda-Walker, A. & R. Sillans

Title:

Les Plantes utiles du Gabon. Encyclopédie biologique. Editions Paul Lechevalier, 12 rue de Tournon, Paris VI, 478 p. (1961)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), rapefruit mûr = condiment, green fruit vert = vegetable

Region: West Africa

Country: Gabon

Vernacular name: ntogolo y'atanga (Mpongwè, Galoa, Nkomi, Orungu), okam-ntangha (Fang), nungu-tsi-mitangani (Eshira, Bavarama, Bavungu, Masangu)

4 reference(s) for Capsicum frutescens L.

Official name: Capsicum frutescens L.

Family: Solanaceae

Pictures:

Capsicum_frutescens7.jpg , Capsicum_frutescens6.jpg , Capsicum_frutescens1.jpg , Capsicum_frutescens3.jpg , Capsicum_frutescens4.jpg , Capsicum_frutescens2.jpg , Capsicum_frutescens5.jpg , HA05Capsicum_frutescens.jpg , HR09Capsicum_frutescens.jpg

Reference B5 Nord

Author: Boulos, L.

Title:

Medicinal plants of North Africa. Reference Publications, Inc., 218 St. Clair River Drive, Box 344, Algonac, Michigan 48001, 286p. , (1983)

Symptoms: H(075), H(091), H(094), H(095), H(104), H(139), H(164)

Recipes:

Fruit used mainly as a H(095) condiment, H(091) tonic, H(075) appetizer, H(164) revulsive in aqueous solu tion, H(099) stimulant for gastric secretion, H(139) aphrodisiac
H(164) cataplasm revulsive, H(104) stomachic, antihemorrhoid.
THIS PLANT HAS NO SIGNALIZED USE IN VETERINARY MEDICINE IN NORTH AFRICA BUT WELL IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Region: North Africa

Country: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocoo, Tunisia

Vernacular name: dar felfel j; felfel glib-el-ttir ; felfel merrakshi ; felfel haar (Arabic), bird pepper, goat pepper, spur pepper (English), piment enragé ; piment d?oiseau; piment de cayenne (local French):

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) condiment, fruit of Capsicum frutescens

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (otchi)ndungu (Umubumbu), jindungo, pimentinha-do-mato (Portuguese)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095)

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: sakay

Reference HR 11

Author: Raponda-Walker, A. & R. Sillans

Title:

Les Plantes utiles du Gabon. Encyclopédie biologique. Editions Paul Lechevalier, 12 rue de Tournon, Paris VI, 478 p. (1961)

Symptoms: H(095), H(164)

Recipes:

H(053) purulent, pimento maceration in lemon juice, drops in ears ?
H(091) stimulating, H(164) revulsive, rubefacient, fruits, infusion, VO.
H(091) stimulating, H(164) revulsive, rubefacient, fruits of Capsicum frutescens, summit with flowers of Ocimum viride, filtered decoction, enema

Region: West Africa

Country: Gabon

Vernacular name: ntogolo (Mpongwè, Galoa, Nkomi, Orungu), itugulu (Ngowé), tokodo, ndongo (Mitsogo), nongo (Bavové, Ivéa), ndongo (Apindji, Simba, Baléngi, Kombè, Okandè)ndungu (Bavili, Baduma, Banzabi), nungu (Eshira, Bavarama, Bavungu, Bapunu, Masangu), andu (Mindumu, Ambamba, Batèkè) ndunga (Bawumpfu), ntangani (Béséki), ntangalyè (Bakèlè), ikadada (Benga), ntsèfu, byasi (Loango), okam (Fang)

1 reference(s) for Cardiospermum halicacabum L.

Official name: Cardiospermum halicacabum L.

Family: Sapindaceae

Pictures:

Cardiospermum_halicacabum5.jpg , Cardiospermum_halicacabum7.jpg , Cardiospermum_halicacabum6.jpg , HA01Cardiospermum_halicacabum.jpg , Cardiospermum_halicacabum4.jpg , Cardiospermum_halicacabum1.jpg , Cardiospermum_halicacabum2.jpg , Cardiospermum_halicacabum3.jpg

Reference HB 2k

Author: Bebawi, F. F. & L. Neugebohrn

Title:

Symptoms: H(006), H(055), H(091), H(095), H(104), H(106)

Recipes:

H(095), fodder plant; the leaves and young stems are sometimes cooked as a vegetable, the root possesses H(055) ernetic,H(006) laxative, H(104) stomachic and H(106) rubefacient properties, RNS.
H(091), the seeds are used as a tonic, RNS.

Region: East Africa

Country: Soudan

Vernacular name: hab-eI-aris.

6 reference(s) for Carica papaya L.

Official name: Carica papaya L.

Family: Caricaceae

Pictures:

Carica_papaya10.jpg , Carica_papaya11.jpg , Carica_papaya5.jpg , Carica_papaya2.jpg , Carica_papaya8.jpg , Carica_papaya9.jpg , HA08Carica_papaya.jpg , Carica_papaya6.jpg , Carica_papaya7.jpg , Carica_papaya3.jpg , Carica_papaya4.jpg , Carica_papaya_fa02075.jpg , Carica_papaya1.jpg , HA05Carica_papaya.jpg

Reference HA 33a

Author: Asase, A., A.A. Oteng-Yeboah, G.T. Odamtten & M.S.J. Simmonds

Title:

Ethnobotanical study of some Ghanaian anti-malarial plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 99, pp. 273 - 279 ( 2005)

Symptoms: H(051), H(095)

Recipes:

H(051) paludism, boil leaves with leaves of Azadirachta indica. Drink as desired and use for steam baths.
H(051) paludism, boil leaves of Senna occidentalis with leaves of Mangifera indica and Carica papaya. Drink and bath decoction
H(051) paludism, boils leaves of Jatropha curcas with leaves of Azadirachta indica and Carica papaya. Drink and use for bathing.
H(095) peeled fruits eaten raw

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Wechiau region)

Vernacular name: kwalentia (Lobi)

Reference HB 33

Author: Bhat, R.B., E.O. Etejere, V.T. Oladipo

Title:

Ethnobotanical studies fron central Nigeria. Economic Botany, 44 (3), pp. 382-390, (1990)

Symptoms: H(051x), H(068), H(087), H(095), H(099), H(104)

Recipes:

Harvest young and mature leaves of Carica papaya at any time of day
H(051x, f) For yellow fever: The leaf extract is taken orally with table salt
H(068) as an anthelmintic: The leaf extract and latex of raw fruits are taken. orally..
H(087, f) body infection: The leaves of Carica papaya are cooked along with those of Musa sapientum in equal proportions; the extracfis taken orally or as a bath. Precaution: Should not be administered to infants.
H(095, f), the ripe fruits are also eaten as food.
H(099, f) as a treatment for beri-beri: The fruits are eaten regularly
H(104) stomachache, infusion of the leaves is used

Region: West Africa

Country: Central Nigeria (Kwara state)

Vernacular name: ibepe (Yoruba, gwanda (Hausa), ojo-mgbimgbi (Ibo)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Carica papaya

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (otchi)mama (Umubumbu), mamoeiro (Portuguese)

Reference HB 43

Author: Blench, R.

Title:

Dagomba plant names (Preliminary circulation draft) Published on WWW. Text included in Grey littérature of Prelude

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) fruit of Carica papaya, VO

Region: West Africa

Country: Ghana (Northern region)

Vernacular name: góndílí (Dagomba)

Reference HK 12

Author: Kerharo, J. & J.G. Adam

Title:

Plantes médicinales et toxiques des Peuls et des Toucouleurs du Sénégal. Journal d'Agriculture Tropicale et de Botanique Appliquée, (J.A.T.B.A.), 11, 384 - 444 , 543 - 599, (1964)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fruits, VO.

Region: West Africa

Country: Senegal

Vernacular name: papayi (Peul, Tocolor)

Reference HR 10

Author: Rivière, C., J.-P. Nicolas, M.-L. Caradec, O. Désiré & A. Schmitt

Title:

Symptoms: H(004), H(008), H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(004), leaves decoction, local application
H(008) + H(104), leaves decoction, VO.
H(095), fruit, VO.

Region: Madagascar

Country: Madagascar (North region)

Vernacular name: mapaza

7 reference(s) for Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl

Official name: Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl

Family: Apocynaceae

Synonyms:

Carissa pubescens A. DC.; Carissa spinarum L.

Pictures:

Carissa_edulis1.jpg , HA03Carissa_edulis.jpg , Carissa_edulis2.jpg , Carissa_edulis3.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(091), H(095), H(113)

Recipes:

H(091), H(113), root boiled in goat bone soup and used as medicine for getting strength; also used for "lubai" (joint pain)
H(095), fruit eaten raw; available in early dry season

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: lamriai (Dorobo) (Suiei)

Reference HB 32

Author: Bussmann, R.W.

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Samburu of Mt. Nyirun South Turkana, Kenya. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2:35 (2006)

Symptoms: H(051), H(095), H(100), H(130)

Recipes:

H(051) palu, crushed leaves, to boil, VO.
H(095), fruits, VO.
H(100) gono, roots, to boil, VO.
H(130) polio, crushed roots, to boil, VO.

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Mt Nyiru, South Turkana)

Vernacular name: lamuriei

Reference HB 35

Author: Bussmann R. W., G. G. Gilbreath, J. Solio, M. Lutura, R. Lutuluo, K. Kunguru, N. Wood and S. Mathenge

Title:

Plant use of the Masasai of Sekenani Valley, Maasai Mara, Kenya. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2:22 (2006)

Symptoms: H(095), H(100), H(113

Recipes:

H(095), eat fruit Carissa edulis
H(100) venereal diseases boil root, slaughter a ram and mix meat with the root, boil 2 hrs and eat
H(113), same for back and joint problems: drink liquid from boiling

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Sekenani Valley)

Vernacular name: nkamuriaki (Maa)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Carissa edulis

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (u)yangolo (Umubumbu), (omu)nyongolo (Nyaneka), carandas (Portuguese)

Reference HM 28

Author: Mandu, P., D. J. Berger, C., ole Saitabau, C., Nasieku, J. Kipelian, M. Mathenge, S.G., Morimoto, Y., Höft

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) childeren and woman looking after cattle, VO. fruits of Carissa edulis
H(095) plant use in soup

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Naimina Enkiyio (Loita) Forest)

Vernacular name: olamuriaki

Reference HM 33

Author: Malgras, D. (R.P.)

Title:

Arbres et arbustes guérisseurs des savanes maliennes. Editions Karthala, 22 - 24, boulevard Arago, 75013 Paris, 480 p. (1992)

Symptoms: H(068), H(086), H(095)

Recipes:

H(068) internal parasitism, roots decoction of Carissa edulis, VO.
H(068) small intestinal worms, stems with leaves of Fadogia erythrophloea of Khaya senegalensis of Carissa edulis, RNS.
H(086) adenitis, scraped roots of Carissa edulis, local applications
H(095) food, fruiits VO., or in jam

Region: West Africa

Country: Mali

Vernacular name: kumakuma (Bambara), tumboroba (Malinke), kabon, kabvon (Minyanka), suruku ntombolo, kabvon (Senoufo)

Reference HM 34

Author: Maundu, P., D. Berger, C. Ole Saitabau, J. Nasieku, M. Kipelian, S. Mathenge, Y. Morimoto, R. Höft

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Loita Maasai. People and Plants Working Paper 8. Unesco, Paris, 34 p. (2001)

Symptoms: H(008), H(068), H(095), H(103), H(104), H(135)

Recipes:

H(008), H(068), H(103), H(104), H(135), for gums and teeth, mouth infections, intestinal worms, diarrhoea and dysentery, aiding digestion, aiding faecal disposal, emetics and purgatives, to stop vomiting and stomach-ache. Most emetics and purgatives are used in the treatment of malaria-like fevers common in Maasailand.
H(095) edible fruit ingested by children and women looking after cattle
H(095) latex as chewing gum
H(095) It is a custom to take soup with plant extracts as Carissa edulis. This is done to improve the taste, to keep diseases away and for curative purposes.

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Naimina Enkiyio (Loita) Forest)

Vernacular name: olamuriaki

4 reference(s) for Cassia occidentalis L.

Official name: Cassia occidentalis L.

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Senna occidentalis (L.) Link

Pictures:

Cassia_occidentalis2.jpg , Cassia_occidentalis3.jpg , Cassia_occidentalis4.jpg , Cassia_occidentalis5.jpg , HA06Cassia_ occidentalis.jpg , Cassia_occidentalis1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, (seeds (drink) of Senna occidentalis

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: kimbulu-kunde (Kimbundu), (omu)ipanyoka (Nyaneka), fedegoso (Portuguese)

Reference HG 14

Author: Goossens, V.

Title:

Catalogue des plantes du jardin botanique d'Eala (Congo Belge) Ministère des colonies, direction de l'agriculture, V. Goossens Bruxelles: Imprimerie industrielle et financière, 179 p., (1924)

Symptoms: H(015), H(095)

Recipes:

H(015), seeds, leaves, roots, RNS.
H(095), roasted seeds, substitute of coffee

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (ex. Belgian Congo) (Mongo region)

Vernacular name: café nègre, bois puant

Reference HK 51

Author: Kerharo, J. & J.G. Adam

Title:

Les plantes médicinales, toxiques et magiques des Niominka et des Socé des Iles du Saloum (Sénégal) Acta tropica, Suppl. 8, 279 - 334 (1964)

Symptoms: H(013), H(095), H(104), H(115)

Recipes:

H(013) pounded leaves of Cassia occidentalis are put ons abcess.
H(095) decoction of grilled seeds of Cassia occidentalis as coffee.
H(104), H(115), roots as enteralgia, RNS and leaves again neuralgia, RNS.

Region: West Africa

Country: Senegal (Saloun island)

Vernacular name: bentamaré (wolof), bégné fégné (Niominka) ; kassala (Socé)

Reference HP 00

Author: Pobeguin, M.

Title:

Plantes médicinales de la Guinée française. Agriculture pratique des pays chauds, : T1 : 279 - 295, 387 - 394, 484 - 496, (1911) ;T2 : 37 - 45, 133 - 144, 233 - 238, (1911)

Symptoms: H(003), H(004), H(007), H(051), H(091), H(095)

Recipes:

H(003) + H(004), fresh leaces, cataplasm or decoction, infusion, bath, fumigation , RNS.
H(007), grilled seeds , RNS.
H(051), twigs, leaves, roots, VO.
H(091), twigs, leaves, roots, VO.

Region: West Africa

Country: Guinea Conakry

Vernacular name: benta mare (Malinke)tiga sowrou (Foula du Fouta-Djalon)

1 reference(s) for Cassia petersiana Bolle

Official name: Cassia petersiana Bolle

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Senna petersiana (Bolle) Lock

Pictures:

Senna_petersiana2.jpg , Senna_petersiana1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, pods of Senna petersiana

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: non comuniqué par l'auteur

2 reference(s) for Cassia tora L.

Official name: Cassia tora L.

Family: Fabaceae

Synonyms:

Cassia obtusifolia L.; Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby

Pictures:

Cassia_tora1.jpg , Cassia_tora2.jpg , HA06Cassia_tora.jpg , Cassia_tora3.jpg

Reference HB 38

Author: Belem, B, B. M. I. Nacoulma, R. Gbangou, S. Kambou, H. H. Hansen, Q. Gausset, S. Lund, A. Raebild, D. Lompo, M. Ouedraogo, I. Theilade & I. J. Boussim

Title:

Use of Non Wood Forest Products by local people bordering the ?Parc National Kaboré Tambi?, Burkina Faso. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies vol. 6, no. 1, (2007)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) leaves of Cassia tora are considered as famine foodstuffs, only consumed if nothing else is available
H(095, f) Cassia tora edible wild vegetables

Region: West Africa

Country: Center South region of Burkina Faso (National Park of Kaboré Tambi)

Vernacular name: not registered by the investigators

Reference HG 14

Author: Goossens, V.

Title:

Catalogue des plantes du jardin botanique d'Eala (Congo Belge) Ministère des colonies, direction de l'agriculture, V. Goossens Bruxelles: Imprimerie industrielle et financière, 179 p., (1924)

Symptoms: H(113), H(095)

Recipes:

H(013), ulcers, sores, leaves, RNS.
H(068), roots, RNS.
H(095), roasted seeds, substitute of coffee

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (ex. Belgian Congo) (Mongo region)

Vernacular name: not registered

1 reference(s) for Cassytha filiformis L.

Official name: Cassytha filiformis L.

Family: Lauraceae

Synonyms:

Cassytha guineensis Schum. & Thonn.

Pictures:

Cassytha_filiformis5.jpg , Cassytha_filiformis6.jpg , Cassytha_filiformis4.jpg , HA01Cassytha_filiformis.jpg , Cassytha_filiformis3.jpg , Cassytha_filiformis1.jpg , Cassytha_filiformis2.jpg

Reference HG 20

Author: Gurib-Fakim, Ameenah, Joseph Guého

Title:

Plantes médicinales de l'île Rodrigues Stanley, Rose-Hill. Editions de l'océan indien - Université de Maurice (Réduit) , 580 p. (1994) (ISBN 99903-0-171-9)

Symptoms: H(013), H(014), H(095)

Recipes:

H(013) pruritus, H(014) gale, decoction of the plant of Cassytha filiformis, sprigs of Casuarina equisetifolia, bath
H(095) refreshing drink, decoction of the plant of Cassytha filiformis, VO.

Region: Mauritius

Country: Rodrigues Island

Vernacular name: liane sans fin

3 reference(s) for Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.

Official name: Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.

Family: Bombacaceae

Pictures:

HA05Ceiba_pentandra.jpg , Ceiba_pentandra1.jpg , Ceiba_pentandra3.jpg , Ceiba_pentandra4.jpg , Ceiba_pentandra5.jpg , Ceiba_pentandra2.jpg

Reference HB 38

Author: Belem, B, B. M. I. Nacoulma, R. Gbangou, S. Kambou, H. H. Hansen, Q. Gausset, S. Lund, A. Raebild, D. Lompo, M. Ouedraogo, I. Theilade & I. J. Boussim

Title:

Use of Non Wood Forest Products by local people bordering the ?Parc National Kaboré Tambi?, Burkina Faso. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies vol. 6, no. 1, (2007)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095, f) edible wild vegetables of Ceiba pentandra

Region: West Africa

Country: Center South region of Burkina Faso (National Park of Kaboré Tambi)

Vernacular name: gunga (Moré)

Reference HI 05

Author: Igoli, J.O., O.G. Ogaji, T.A. Tor-Anyiin & N.P. Igoli

Title:

Traditional medicine practice amongst the Igede people of Nigeria. Part II. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines (2) pp. 134 - 152 (2005)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), leaves as vegetable

Region: West Africa

Country: Nigeria Benue state, Igede people)

Vernacular name: ufu envu (Igede)

Reference HM 33

Author: Malgras, D. (R.P.)

Title:

Arbres et arbustes guérisseurs des savanes maliennes. Editions Karthala, 22 - 24, boulevard Arago, 75013 Paris, 480 p. (1992)

Symptoms: H(001), H(013), H(043), H(095), H(103), H(124), H(126)

Recipes:

H(001) purulent conjunctivitis , decoction of leaves of Ceiba pentandra, eyes instilatlations
H(013) tooth abscess, H(103) gingivitis, decoction trunks barks of Ceiba pentandra, gargle, mouth bath
H(043) child tetanus, green leaves of Ceiba. crushed, RNS.
H(095) food, young fruits
H(124) haemostatic (circoncision) fruit fibers of Ceiba.
H(126) icterus, boiled trunks barks of Ceiba pentandra, RNS.

Region: West Africa

Country: Mali

Vernacular name: banan (Bambara) (Malinke), shienge (Minyanka), shienge, shinge (Senoufo), tyaa (Bwa), pirii (Bobo-fing)

1 reference(s) for Celosia trigyna L.

Official name: Celosia trigyna L.

Family: Amaranthaceae

Pictures:

Celosia_trigyna1.jpg , HA06Celosia_trigyna.jpg , Celosia_trigyna2.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, young stems and leaves of Celosia trigyna

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: non comuniqué par l'auteur

1 reference(s) for Celtis africana Burm. f.

Official name: Celtis africana Burm. f.

Family: Ulmaceae

Pictures:

Celtis_africana2.jpg , Celtis_africana3.jpg , Celtis_africana1.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fruit eaten raw.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: loisiteti (Dorobo) (Suiei)

1 reference(s) for Celtis philippensis Blanco

Official name: Celtis philippensis Blanco

Family: Ulmaceae

Synonyms:

Celtis brownii Rendle; Celtis prantlii Priemer ex Engl.

Reference HA 29 e

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), caterpillars feeding on this plant are eaten. The edible caterpillars generally called "ati" or "basoko"

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Nduye, zone of Mambasa, Ituri forest)

Vernacular name: arubese (Efe)

1 reference(s) for Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

Official name: Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

Family: Apiaceae

Synonyms:

Hydrocotyle asiatica L.

Pictures:

Centella_asiatica4.jpg , HA01Centella_asiatica.jpg , Centella_asiatica1.jpg , Centella_asiatica2.jpg , Centella_asiatica3.jpg , Centella_asiatica5.jpg , Centella_asiatica6.jpg

Reference HV 09

Author: Van Wyk, B.-E. , H. de Wet , F.R. Van Heerden

Title:

An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in the southeastern Karoo South Africa Journal of Botany , 74, pp. 696?704, (2008)

Symptoms: H(053), H(095)

Recipes:

H(053) ear pain in children, fresh leaves of Centella asiatica used as ear plugs.
H(095) fresh leaves are eaten by children (said to have a pleasant sour taste).

Region: South Africa

Country: South Africa (Southeastern Karoo, Graaff-Reinet region)

Vernacular name: kleinkattekruid (Afrikaans language)

2 reference(s) for Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumara & Makai

Official name: Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumara & Makai

Family: Cucurbitaceae

Synonyms:

Citrullus vulgaris Eckl. & Zeyh.; Colocynthis citrullus (L.) Kuntze

Pictures:

Citrullus_lanatus1.jpg , Citrullus_lanatus2.jpg , Citrullus_lanatus3.jpg , Citrullus_lanatus4_AFLORA.jpg

Reference HA 29 g

Author: Tanaka, J.

Title:

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), fruit (melon) is one of the most important food items; seeds are pounded in a mortar after roasted.

Region: South Africa

Country: Botswana (Kalahari)

Vernacular name: n//an:Bushman (Central Kalahari)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Citrullus lanatus

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: nakambiambia (Umubumbu), ditanga (Kimbundu)

1 reference(s) for Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle

Official name: Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle

Family: Rutaceae

Pictures:

Citrus_aurantiifolia5.jpg , Citrus_aurantiifolia4.jpg , Citrus_aurantiifolia2.jpg , Citrus_aurantiifolia3.jpg , HA21Citrus_aurantiifolia.jpg , Citrus_aurantiifolia1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Citrus aurantiifolia

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: limoeiro (Angola), limeira (Portuguese)

1 reference(s) for Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.

Official name: Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.

Family: Rutaceae

Pictures:

Citrus_limon4.jpg , Citrus_limon3.jpg , Citrus_limon1.jpg , Citrus_limon2.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Citrus limon

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: limoeiro (Portuguese)

1 reference(s) for Coffea arabica L.

Official name: Coffea arabica L.

Family: Rubiaceae

Pictures:

Coffea_arabica9.jpg , HL13Coffea_arabica.jpg , Coffea_arabica4.jpg , Coffea_arabica3.jpg , Coffea_arabica5.jpg , Coffea_arabica8.jpg , Coffea_arabica7.jpg , Coffea_arabica2.jpg , Coffea_arabica1.jpg , Coffea_arabica6.jpg

Reference HG 20

Author: Gurib-Fakim, Ameenah, Joseph Guého

Title:

Plantes médicinales de l'île Rodrigues Stanley, Rose-Hill. Editions de l'océan indien - Université de Maurice (Réduit) , 580 p. (1994) (ISBN 99903-0-171-9)

Symptoms: H(037), H(038), H(050), H(090), H(095), H(104)

Recipes:

H(037) a chill catched, H(090) cardiotonic, VO. coffe .
H(038) bladder pain, decoction of seeds of Coffea arabica of roots of Azgeratum conyzoides, VO.
H(050) drumbelly, H(104) stomach pain, decoction of green seeds of Coffea arabica, VO.
H(095) refreshing drink, infusion of leaves of Coffea

Region: Mauritius

Country: Rodrigues Island

Vernacular name: café, caféier

1 reference(s) for Coix lacryma-jobi L.

Official name: Coix lacryma-jobi L.

Family: Poaceae

Pictures:

Coix_lacryma-jobi4.jpg , Coix_lacryma-jobi6.jpg , HA01Coix_lacryma-jobi.jpg , Coix_lacryma-jobi2.jpg , Coix_lacryma-jobi.jpg , Coix_lacryma-jobi7.jpg , Coix_lacryma-jobi5.jpg , Coix_lacryma-jobi1.jpg , Coix_lacryma-jobi3.jpg

Reference HG 20

Author: Gurib-Fakim, Ameenah, Joseph Guého

Title:

Plantes médicinales de l'île Rodrigues Stanley, Rose-Hill. Editions de l'océan indien - Université de Maurice (Réduit) , 580 p. (1994) (ISBN 99903-0-171-9)

Symptoms: H(008), H(095)

Recipes:

H(008) diarrhoea, decoction of 3 pieces of roots of Phyllanthus amarus of 7 leaves of Psidium guajava of 3 roots of Melochia pyramidata of some pieces of roots of Coix lacrima-jobi, VO.
H(095) refreshing drink, decoction of roots of Coix lacryma-jobi of young leaves of Bambusa vulgaris, VO.

Region: Mauritius

Country: Rodrigues Island

Vernacular name: herbe jobe, collier cipaye

5 reference(s) for Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott & Endl.

Official name: Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott & Endl.

Family: Sterculiaceae

Synonyms:

Cola nitida (Vent.) Scott & Endl.

Pictures:

HA05Cola_acuminata.jpg , Cola_acuminata2.jpg , Cola_acuminata1.jpg , Cola_acuminata4.jpg , Cola_acuminata5.jpg , Cola_acuminata6.jpg , Cola_acuminata3.jpg

Reference HA 29 c

Author: Tanno, T.

Title:

The Mbuti Pygmies and the Bira farmers in the Ituri forest of north-eastern Zaire, around Mawambo and Teturi villages (N 1.0', E 29.10', alt. c. 1000 m), Zone de Mambasa, Region de Haut-Zaire in : AFLORA on the Web (http://130.54.103.36/aflora.nsf) The database of traditional plant utilization in AfricaCenter for African Area Studies, Kyoto University

Symptoms: H(091), H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), the crushed seeds or sometimes the bark is decocted into tea; the fruit of "ngbbaku" are decocted together; honey is added when available; people often chewlittle pieces of the seed as a tonic, which taste very bitter,( iko, sonbou , moko (Mbuti)
H(091), the purple-colored nuts in the pods are eaten raw as stimulnat. Also, they are pounded with Solanum fruit and red pepper, and mixed with warm water to make very bitter and hot drink), eme (Efe)

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Teturi, Ituri forest)

Vernacular name: liko (BIRA, MBUTI)| sombou (BIRA, MBUTI)

Reference HA 29 e

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(091), H(095)

Recipes:

H(091), the nut is chewed to enjoy its stimulus.
H(095), the nut is squashed with small Solamum indicum fruits and Caspicum, and brew to drink like tea

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Nduye, zone of Mambasa, Ituri forest)

Vernacular name: iko, sonbou , moko (Mbuti), eme (Efe)

Reference HA 29 f

Author: H. Terashima, M. Ichikawa and M. Sawada

Title:

Symptoms: H(091), H(095)

Recipes:

H(091), H(095), the crushed seeds or sometimes the bark is decocted into tea; the fruit of "ngbbaku" are decocted together; honey is added when available; people often chew little pieces of the seed as a tonic, which taste very bitter

Region: Central Africa

Country: Democratic republic of Congo (ex. Zaïre) (Ituri forest of northeastern Zaire)

Vernacular name: eme (Balese , Efe)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, seeds of Cola acuminata

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: mukezu, dikezu (Kimbundu), coleira (Portuguese)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, seeds of Cola acuminata

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: mukezu, dikezu (Kimbundu), coleira (Portuguese)

1 reference(s) for Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott

Official name: Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott

Family: Araceae

Synonyms:

Colocasia antiquorum Schott & Endl.

Pictures:

HR09Colocasia_ esculenta.jpg , Colocasia_esculenta2.jpg , Colocasia_esculenta3.jpg , HA03Colocasia_ esculenta.jpg , Colocasia_esculenta4.jpg , Colocasia_esculenta1.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) very occasional food complement, ONS. of Colocasia esculenta

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: inhame (Portuguese)

1 reference(s) for Combretum molle R. Br.

Official name: Combretum molle R. Br.

Family: Combretaceae

Synonyms:

Combretum ankolense Bagshawe & Bak. f.; Combretum microlepidotum Engl.

Pictures:

Combretum_molle.jpg , HA03Combretum_molle.jpg

Reference HB 35

Author: Bussmann R. W., G. G. Gilbreath, J. Solio, M. Lutura, R. Lutuluo, K. Kunguru, N. Wood and S. Mathenge

Title:

Plant use of the Masasai of Sekenani Valley, Maasai Mara, Kenya. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2:22 (2006)

Symptoms: H(051), H(095)

Recipes:

H(051) prevents malaria and circulatory problems
H(095) root for making soup
H(095) slaughter bull and make soup with Combretum molle

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Sekenani Valley)

Vernacular name: ormaroroi (Maa)

1 reference(s) for Commelina diffusa Burm. f.

Official name: Commelina diffusa Burm. f.

Family: Commelinaceae

Pictures:

Commelina_diffusa1.jpg , HA05Commelina_diffusa.jpg , HA05Commelina_dif.jpg , Commelina_diffusa2.jpg , Commelina_diffusa3.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, sprout, buds of Commelina diffusa

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: kindangala, okindangala (Umubumbu)

2 reference(s) for Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl.

Official name: Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl.

Family: Burseraceae

Synonyms:

Commiphora pilosa (Engl.) Engl.; Balsamea pilosa Engl.

Pictures:

HA06Commiphora_africana.jpg , Commiphora_africana1.jpg , Commiphora_africana2.jpg , Commiphora_africana3.jpg

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(104), H(210)

Recipes:

H(095), sprout eaten raw; available from September to November
H(104), bark soaked in water and used as medicine for stomach disorder
H(210), resin chewed.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: laishimi, lcheningiro(Dorobo) (Suiei)

Reference HA 29 g

Author: Tanaka, J.

Title:

Symptoms: H(092), H(095)

Recipes:

H(092), the larva of the beetle Diamphidia, from wich San make their arrow poison, feeds exclusirely on these trees
H(095), root edible

Region: South Africa

Country: Botswana (Kalahari)

Vernacular name: za (Bushman) (Central Kalahari)

3 reference(s) for Commiphora sp.

Official name: Commiphora sp.

Family: Burseraceae

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(008), H(095), H(103), H(104)

Recipes:

H(008), H(104), bark of "egwesiwesi" soaked in water and used as medicine for stomach disorder and diarrhea
H(095), juicy root of "egwesiwesi" chewed when thirsty.
H(095), juicy root of "lamany" chewed when thirsty
H(103) unripe fruit of "lamany" used for toothache, RNS.

Region: East Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: legwesiwesi , oibor-aik (Dorobo) (Suiei)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, roots, seeds of Commiphora sp.

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (omu)vovo (Nyaneka)

Reference HM 34

Author: Maundu, P., D. Berger, C. Ole Saitabau, J. Nasieku, M. Kipelian, S. Mathenge, Y. Morimoto, R. Höft

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Loita Maasai. People and Plants Working Paper 8. Unesco, Paris, 34 p. (2001)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095), resins are mainly obtained from Commiphora spp. exude substances which are sucked

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Naimina Enkiyio (Loita) Forest)

Vernacular name: not registered by the investigators

2 reference(s) for Corchorus tridens L.

Official name: Corchorus tridens L.

Family: Tiliaceae

Pictures:

HA06Corchorus_tridens.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, stems + leaves of Corchorus tridens

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (otchy/okw)anana (Umubumbu)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, leaves of Corchorus tridens

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (otchy/okw)anana (Umubumbu)

2 reference(s) for Corchorus trilocularis Lam.

Official name: Corchorus trilocularis Lam.

Family: Tiliaceae

Synonyms:

Corchorus somalicus Gandorger

Pictures:

Corchorus_trilocularis1.jpg , Corchorus_trilocularis2.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) very occasional food complement, stems and leaves of Corchorus trilocularis

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: mataquim (Portuguese)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, stems + leaves of Corchorus trilocularis

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: mataquim (Portuguese)

2 reference(s) for Cordia africana Lam.

Official name: Cordia africana Lam.

Family: Boraginaceae

Pictures:

Cordia_africana1.jpg , Cordia_africana2.jpg

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Cordia africana

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (u)mbaga (Umubumbu)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Cordia africana

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: (u)mbaga (Umubumbu)

5 reference(s) for Cordia ovalis R.Br. ex A.DC.

Official name: Cordia ovalis R.Br. ex A.DC.

Family: Boraginaceae

Synonyms:

Cordia monoica Roxb.

Reference HA 29 d

Author: M. Ichikawa

Title:

Symptoms: H(095), H(104), H(201)

Recipes:

H(095) fruit eaten raw; available in early dry season
H(104- root boiled in water, mixed with milk and used as medicine for stomach disorder
H(201) the whole plant used for ritual medicine
The plant is used as construction material.

Region: Central Africa

Country: northern Kenya

Vernacular name: seeki (Dorobo) (Suiei)

Reference HB 32

Author: Bussmann, R.W.

Title:

Ethnobotany of the Samburu of Mt. Nyirun South Turkana, Kenya. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2:35 (2006)

Symptoms: H(012), H(095), H(201)

Recipes:

H(012), to use as splint
H(095), fruit, VO.
H(2001) traditional ceremonial, RNS.

Region: East Africa

Country: Kenya (Mt Nyiru, South Turkana)

Vernacular name: lgweita

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

Quelques notes sur l'alimentation et les apports nutritionnels occultes en Angola. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot., Lisboa, 13 (1), 7 - 41 (1996)

Symptoms: H(095)

Recipes:

H(095) occasional food complement, fruit of Cordia monoica

Region: West Africa

Country: Angola (regions of Planalto and littoral))

Vernacular name: kizenze (Umubumbu)

Reference HB 37M

Author: Bossard, E.

Title:

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